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SAE J1970 Shoreline Sound Level Measurement Procedure for Recreational Motorboats

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Product Code:SAE J1970
Title:Shoreline Sound Level Measurement Procedure for Recreational Motorboats
Issuing Committee:Marine Technical Steering Committee
Scope:This SAE Recommended Practice establishes the procedure for measuring the sound level of pleasure motorboats at a position on the shore under conditions other than stationary mode operation. It is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This document specifies guidelines for sound level measurements made from the shoreline of recreational boating areas and is intended for pleasure motorboats only.
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【英文标准名称】:Determinationofpowerlossesinhigh-voltagedirectcurrent(HVDC)converterstations
【原文标准名称】:高压直流(HVDC)变流站功率损失的测定
【标准号】:IEC61803Corrigendum1-1999
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1999-10
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/SC22F
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:电力电子学;半导体闸流管;直流电传输;能量传输;试验;电力变换器;功率损耗;半导体器件;半导体;直流电流;电力系统;电子工程;高电压;绝缘;定义;特性;电气工程;规范(验收);电气试验
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:ThisstandardisDeterminationofpowerlossesinhigh-voltagedirectcurrent(HVDC)converterstations;Corrigendum1.
【中国标准分类号】:F21
【国际标准分类号】:29_200
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforMeasuringRollingFrictionCharacteristicsofaSphericalShapeonaFlatHorizontalPlane
【原文标准名称】:在平坦水平面上测量球形滚动摩擦特性的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMG194-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:G02.50
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:balls;coefficientofrollingfriction;plane;rollingfriction;spheres
【摘要】:Rollingfrictionlikeslidingfrictiondependsuponmanyfactors.Itisasystemeffectthatinvolvesthenatureoftherollingsurfaceandthecounterface.Theslidingfrictionforce(F)isusuallyconsideredtobethesumofforcesarisingfromdeformationsofsurfacefeatures(Fs),fromattractiveforces(atomic,molecular,etc.)atcontactpoints(Fa)andforcefrominteractionoffilmsandparticulatesontherubbingsurfaces(Ff):Therollingfrictionforceincludestheseforcecontributionspluseffectsfromtherelativestiffnessofthecontactingsurfaces,thediameter(curvature)ofthesphericalshape(ball,orange,etc.)andotherfactors.Becausetherearesomanyfactorsinvolvedinarollingtribosystem,rollingresistancecanbestbequantifiedbyanactualtestofthesphereofinterestontheintendedcounterface,asinthistestmethod.Therearecountlessapplicationswhereitisimportanttoquantifytherollingcharacteristicsofaparticularsphericalshapeonaparticularsurface.Theinterlaboratorytestsconductedforthistestmethodwereperformedonhardenedsteelballslikethoseusedinballbearings.Thistestmethodcouldbeusedtoassesstheeffectofdifferentcounterfacesurfacesontherollingcharacteristicsofballsforballbearings.Conversely,itcouldbeusedasaqualitycontroltestonballs.Surfaceimperfections/defects/films,etc.ontheballscanaffecthowtheyroll:thedistancetraveledonacommoncounterface.5.3Industrialapplicationsofthistestmethodcanincludeassessingconveyingsurfacesforsphericalornearlyspecialparts:checkvalveballs,cabinetknobs,Christmasornaments,toiletfloats,etc.Manymedicaldevicesusespecialshapeswhererollingcharacteristicsareaconsideration.Similarly,manypharmaceuticalproducts(pills)aresphericalornearlysphericalinshape,andthistestmethodcanbeusedtoassessrollingcharacteristicsforconveyingorotherreasonssuchassize(mass)check.5.4Rollingfrictionofsphericalshapescanbeaconsiderationincountlesssports(soccer,golf,lacrosse,etc.)andgameapplications(billiards,bocce,toys,etc.).Thistestmethodcanbeusedtoranktherollingresistanceofdifferentballcompositions,masses,shapes,surfacetextures,design,stiffness,etc.Similarly,thetestmethodcanbeusedtoassesstheeaseofrollingofballsondifferentplayingorgamesurfaces.5.5Thistestmethodisveryapplicabletosphericalormostlysphericalfoodproducts.Forexample,itiscommontouserollingdistanceofapples,citrus,nuts,etc.toclassifythembysizeformarketing.Theyarerolleddownanangledsurfaceandtherollingdistancebecomesafunctionofsize(mass/diameter).Thistestmethodcanbeusedtoassessthesuitabilityofvariousrollingsurfaces(carpet,metal,wood,etc.)forsuitabilityinclassificationequipment.Itcouldalsobeusedforfoodconveyanceonspherical-shapedprocessedfoods(gumballs,hardcandy,meatballs,etc.)5.6Finally,thistestmethodcanbeavaluableteachingtoolforphysicsandtribologystudents.Theequipmentissimple,lowcostandstudentproof.Itcanbeusedtodemonstratetheconceptofrollingfrictionandthefactorsthataffectit.1.1Thistestmethodcoverstheuseofanangledlaunchramptoinitiaterollingofasphereornearlysphericalshapeonaflathorizontalsurfacetodeterminetherollingfrictioncharacteristicsofagivensphericalshapeonagivensurface.1.1.1Steelballsonasurfaceplatewereusedininterlaboratorytests(seeAppendixX1).Golfballsonagreen,soccerandlacrosseballsonplayingsurfaces,b......
【中国标准分类号】:J04
【国际标准分类号】:17_040_20
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语